Data quality and traceability
How quality is documented
Every field in the dataset carries provenance metadata. Reported values, calculated fields, documented gaps, and known limitations are visible throughout — not hidden behind a single confidence score.
Quality principles
Source documents
Annual reports and company disclosures form the primary evidence base for all annual and interim data rows.
Reported vs calculated
Reported fields from company filings are kept separate from calculated fields like margins, FCF, and valuation ratios.
Missing values are not estimated
When a value is unavailable, it is left blank and documented. The dataset does not fill gaps with estimates or interpolated values.
Currency separation
Reporting and market currencies are tracked separately so accounting and market fields remain traceable.
Interim reporting varies
Q1 and H1 coverage differs by company. Some companies publish only sales updates for Q1, not full P&L releases.
Valuation ratios are conditional
Valuation ratios (P/E, EV/EBITDA) appear only when the required market data, currency context, and accounting inputs are all available. They are left blank otherwise.
Source tracking
Source URLs and status fields connect each annual row back to company disclosures or archived official reports.
Field provenance
Provenance metadata tracks whether each field is reported, calculated, verified, or carries documented limitations.
Examples of documented limitations
These are real examples from the preview dataset. They illustrate the kinds of issues the quality layer surfaces — not all rows are clean.
Negative cash values
Some companies report negative cash due to overdraft netting or cash pooling in their annual reports. These values are used as-is and flagged, not corrected.
Calculated free cash flow
When a company does not report FCF directly, it is calculated as operating cash flow minus capital expenditure. These rows are marked as calculated, not reported.
Missing capex data
Some fiscal years lack a separately reported capital expenditure figure. When capex is unavailable, FCF cannot be calculated and both fields are left blank.
Per-share comparability
Pre-stock-split per-share figures may not be directly comparable across years. These rows carry a documented note about the split event.
Quality snapshot by company
Status reflects dataset completeness and documentation quality — not a judgment on the underlying company.
| Ticker | Company | Latest FY | Status | Flags | Documented notes | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BARN.SW | Barry Callebaut AG | 2025 | Verified with notes | 0 | 0 | Validated locked snapshot row staged for review. |
| DKSH.SW | DKSH Holding AG | 2025 | Verified | 1 | 8 | Some values are calculated or have acceptable limitations. |
| GEBN.SW | Geberit AG | 2025 | Verified | 0 | 3 | No issues detected. |
| SCMN.SW | Swisscom AG | 2025 | Verified | 1 | 18 | Some values are calculated rather than directly reported. |
| SIKA.SW | Sika AG | 2025 | Verified | 0 | 8 | No issues detected. |
Quality statuses describe dataset completeness and traceability, not the attractiveness of a security. "Verified" means the row has been checked against sources — it does not mean every field is present.